A Term Paper by
Miraluna Montero
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| Human trafficking: Treating people like goods. |
The Philippines right now is facing a problems, one of those is the human trafficking, Where we can hear in the radio, television, and we can read in the news papers. Some of the reason why people get victimized of human trafficking is because of poverty and lack of education. But sometimes some parents thought to sell their own child to earn money to finance or support the rest or their children. The victims of human trafficking are those innocent child, who can’t able to protect themselves from people that can able to abuse them by being forced to work even though they don’t afford to do. Especially teenage girls that been forced to work like prostitution and work heavily without salary. According to Mr. Arnel Ladate , the president of Iloilo SUMAPI org. (samahan at ugnayan ng mga manggagawan pantahana sa pilipinas} There’s a lot of victims of human trafficking mostly are those minor’s who just wanted to work to help their family. The rather work instead of studying, in their early age or those below 18 year of age because they feel ashamed to there situation as poor. Those children are usually a victims of illegal recruiter who offered to them such a good salary in manila or outside in our country or across the border. According to him one of their client victims of illegal recruiters, recovered at (PPA) half way house center operate with visayan forum foundation.
According to the victim, a recruiter said that they will work in the restaurant, since they was only 16 to 17 year old and still minors, the recruiter made their fake documents for them to work and also for them to reach the place where they work as restaurant workers. But when the reached the place they just realized that they already sold in the casa or a house of prostitution. And a lot more as what i heard and saw in the TV news before about some forms of human trafficking such as the street children who forced to be begged in the street, selling illegal drugs and sometimes they are victim of kidnapping and sold their parts of human organs such as kidneys etc. according to Visayans forum foundation their org. they joined civil society groups in celebrating "A Dayagainst Child Trafficking" on December 12, 2003 at Intramuros, Manila. The celebration's objective was to raise public awareness on the issue of child trafficking and mobilize public support for the prevention and suppression of the growing global menace. Visayan Forum December 17, 2003: Batangas Validation Workshop Batangas Parish Pastoral Center conducted focuses on Trafficking at the Batangas Port. The participants of the workshop included various partners of VF Batangas. Among them were government agencies, non-governmental organizations and members of the academe. The objectives of the workshop were to validate the results and findings of the research and to propose changes and give recommendations for future studies. November 18 to 19, 2003: National Training Seminar on Trafficking among Shipping CompaniesGrand Boulevard Hotel. The participants were members of various shipping companies based in Manila and other provinces. The objectives of the seminar were to raise the awareness of shipping companies on issues of trafficking, the urgency of the problem, and existing legal environment and initiatives to combat trafficking. More importantly, the training served as a venue for the formulation of mechanisms for effective, concerted, and coordinated actions in the fight against trafficking.
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| Behind the wire. A big crowd of human trafficking victims look behind wire serving as their cell. |
BODY:
The definition of Human Trafficking According to Anti- Trafficking in Person Act of 2003 (R.A. NO. 9208) An Act to Institute Policies to Eliminate Trafficking in Person especially Women and children. Trafficking of children is a form of Human Trafficking. It is defined as recruitment,selling or illegal transportation,transfer,harboring, or receiving of persons with or without the victims consent or knowledge of children, within or across national borders by means of threat or use of force for the purpose of exploitation,or other form of coercion,abduction,fraud,deception,abuse of power, or, the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to the consent of a person having control over other person for the purpose of exploitation of which includes at a minimum, are considered to be crimes of violence against children. the sexual exploitation,or prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation forced labor or services,slavery,servitude or the removal or sale of organs. They says that when the a child is a forced to work for the purpose of exploitation shall considered as a human trafficking or “trafficking in persons” even if it does not involve to above mentioned. According to this act, child refers to a person below eighteen (18) years of age or one who is over 18 but is unable to fully take care of or protect himself/herself from abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploitation or discrimination because of a physical or mental disability or condition and even street children who work heavily in the industry or selling drug, begging and sometimes victims of kidnapping to get parts of the children's organs also considered as a victim of human trafficking.
The reasons why people are vulnerable to human trafficking. It’s because of poverty and lack of economic opportunity to make women and children potential victims of traffickers association with international criminal organizations. They are vulnerable to false promises of job opportunities in other countries. Many of those who accept these offers from what appear to legitimate sources find themselves in situations where their documents are destroyed, themselves or their families threatened with harm, or they are bonded a debt that they have no chances to repaying.
While women and children are vulnerable to trafficking for the sex trade ,human trafficking is not limited to sexual exploitation. It also includes persons who are trafficked into “forced” marriage or into bonded labor markers, such as sweat shops,agricultural plantations, or domestic service. Traffickers clandestinely organize their transport operation via different ports and land routes in the Philippines. Interval trafficking is the springboard for international trafficking. Worldwide recruitment relies on intricate processes that start in far-flung communities. Traffickers operate in underground networks with strong connections to corruption public officials and transport operators. Every year, thousands of Filipino women and children are trapped through the cycle of trafficking into a life of slavery, sexual exploitation and human rights violations. According to (IPEC) international programme on the elimination of child labour, the child trafficking beyond the definition according of this act. The last decade of the twentieth century saw an unprecedented level of international concern over the trafficking of human beings, including broad recognition of the links between trafficking and the exploitation of children. Today, the trafficking of children is recognized as a distinct and egregious violation of children’s rights, and comprising one of the worst forms of child labour. People were first to as “traffickers” as early as the mid-sixteenth century, although at that time the label implied neither wrongdoing nor international or across-border movements. By the end of century trafficking had become disassociated from trading and used to sale illicit or disreputable goods.The first international treaty to address trafficking in human beings was the international agreement for the suppression of white slave Traffic (1904) in prostitution patterns, the feminist and gender debate, increased attention of human rights and also children rights. The available date of trafficking of women is not clearly dis-aggregated by age. For example, many reports that majority of coercion into prostitution are between 16 to 24 years of age according to UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the ILO Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention (no.182) and they priorities the policy of programme interventions combat of trafficking of children in the age of 18. The same time, policy and inventions must make clear distinctions between the suppression of trafficking of adults and that of children. in the case of adults, the recognition of the rights to make informed decisions and choices, even if this includes the choice to remain in exploitative situations, will continue to be an issue of debate and has to be considered in programme inventions. In the case of children, the international consensus is to withdraw them from exploitation without delay. Trafficking form other types of activities, in fact, a combination of events that occur at places of origin, transit points destinations, involving potentially both legal and illegal acts.Exploitation, always illegal in international and national laws, may occur at any point in the chain of events that taken together, are recognized trafficking. It may occur example: it the child is misled with false reports or promises, coercion, or otherwise forcibly recruited or handed over the transporters. it may occur when the child is transforted: a child might be told s/he is going to a nearby a big city, only to be moved or a child or family might be charged an exorbitant fee in order to ensure the minimum debt bondage. Trafficking may be said to have taken place when the child is recruited as a dancer but forced into prostitution, or by the withholding of wages or their payment to a third party. It may take from the exploitative or/abusive conditions to which the child is subjected, including physical and mental abuse or confinement, inadequate or non-existent health care, poor Accommodation and hazardous work.
According to ILO work forms of child labour convention (no. 182) it’s specifies the forced labour or services, slavery, or practices is similar to slavery/o/ servitude. Example, when they provided the particular types and characteristics of child trafficking is generally hidden from the public view, so that most statistics are illustrative rather than accurate and existing data is scattered some regions. It is considered a new issue, when the result is not yet fully developed.
When children are relocated and extremely vulnerable, they are separated from their own environment and maybe isolated in illegal situations in unfamiliar places where they are threatened and unable to communicate or assert their rights, so even they are able to seek help, they may not know where to go find help, or how to ask for it.Root causes of child trafficking are occurs because there is a market for children in labour and in the sex trade, and most often from the poor families, who are easy prey for those who seek to make profit be exploiting their vulnerably. And also because of poverty and low level of education and work opportunities of a better life that’s why lots of people got trafficked.
According to manila Philippines- the department of social welfare and Development DSWD is discouraging street children’s from caroling and begging alms along major thoroughfares and roads, especially during the Christmas season, according to DSWD secretary Corazon Soliman , alternative activities will be offered to street children to prevent from caroling and begging. (DSWD) also said that the children and elderly women being on the street are often forced beggars-victims of human trafficking. They are a part of ring with organizational complexity comparable to that of a medium-size business enterprise, adds the another whose latest research is also based on observation of the operation of begging traffickers. Begging is an element of transnational nature and organize criminal group of familiar forced begging, for example, its difficult to prove as human trafficking when in the same point there is few legal cases are available in an area where the police and the courts should need to do better.
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| All alike: Victims, young and small crowd in this cell. |
In just this year 2010 to 2011 worst forms of child trafficking happens. A month ago, i saw a picture of a dead child in (FB) who is a victims of kidnapping at Malabon City Philippines, and according to Blogphilippines, they spreading the information to keep us up and be aware and keep our children safe, they posted that picture about what happening around us, because sometimes we don’t know where can we be safe. Those news was also been talked about, and one of the topic of Mr. Ted Failon in his show that one kid was been killed by kidnappers and it was found dead and no more internal parts of organs. They are such a demons!
So in that news, adults should guard and take good care of their young ones to avoid being the next victims of those kidnappers. Kidnappers sold those internal parts of organs to hospital and earn huge of money from it.
To prevent to be a victim of human trafficking, we should aware of difference between legal and illegal recruitment. Some of the signs of illegal recruitment- allowing the job seeker to work even he/she is underage, rewriting of birth certificate, instructing to the laborer not to talk with other people when traveling and they pretend that they are reliable or kin and just to visit with other members of family. Knowledge to such problem is they key to avoid this problem. The crew or officers assigned in airport, pier, and other department of government-school DSWD, PNP and etc. must be aware of the said problem. The most effective way is to educate family in urban or rural area.
CONCLUSION:
Those reports that i took from different books including human trafficking are given me more knowledge together of what I know about human trafficking. and has attempted to bring us more awareness into trafficking of children, minors, or even adults that a victims of poverty and lock of education and learn from their experiences example of what has been happens to them and how ashamed to those victims especially children. It is clear that not only in the Philippines but worldwide has a human trafficking and its even getting worst. This work is just beginning if we don’t be aware . It’s important to continue to explore about this issue to make people aware to those mentioned problem and we should share information about this and learn lessons from those victims statements in order to protect ourselves from exploitation and from being abuse.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Santa Maria, A, S, Zantua.M.J. and Chiongson. R.A; international Trafficking in children for the worst forms of child labour, final report, C., (Manila ,ILO-IPEC.2001)
UNICEF and AusAID; commercial sexual exploitation of children in Philippines; situational Analysis, (Manila, 1998) Anti-Slavery International Trafficking, Ahuman Rights Approach in reporter, April 2001
Robidillo L,S; Child Trafficking and the children rights june 1994. DSWD moves to help begging street kids/manila bulletin news papers…December,2, 2010
http//blogphilippines.com/2011/03/about kidnapping of children in Malabon.html
Mr. Arnel Ladate, President of(Samahan at Ugnayan ng mga Manggagawang SUMAPI org, together with, Visayan Forum Foundation,
PPA, half way house center
http://www.visayanforum.org/misc/laws.html
www.visayanforum.org/misc/calendar_activities.html for more information.
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